Index / Search / Tsuga caroliniana
§1 Plant
Tsuga caroliniana Engelm.
vernacular Carolina hemlock — species · Pinaceae
§2Habit & range
Habit and range
- Growth habit
- Tree
- Duration
- Perennial
- Group
- Gymnosperm
- Family
- Pinaceae Spreng. ex Rudolphi
- Genus
- Tsuga
§2a
Native status, by region
- L48 Lower 48 States Native
§2b
County-level range
· 60 counties across 6 states/territories§3Cultivation specs · USDA
Recorded by the USDA Plant Materials Program.
§3a
Tolerances
- Drought
- Low
- Shade
- Low
- Moisture use
- Medium
- Fire
- Low
- Salinity
- None
- Anaerobic
- None
- CaCO₃
- None
- Hedging
- High
§3b
Climate & soil
- Cold tolerance
- 2 °F minimum
- Frost-free days
- 175 min.
- Precipitation
- 35–60 in/yr
- pH range
- 4.2–5.9
- Root depth
- 28 in min.
- Fertility need
- Medium
- Soil texture
- coarse, medium
§3c
Form & growth
- Growth form
- Single Stem
- Growth rate
- Slow
- Lifespan
- Moderate
- Mature height
- 65 ft
- Height @ 20 y
- 20 ft
- Foliage texture
- Fine
- Foliage colour
- Dark Green
- Porosity (summer)
- Dense
- Porosity (winter)
- Dense
- Flower colour
- Yellow
- Fruit colour
- Brown
- Fire resistant
- No
- N fixation
- None
- Toxicity
- None
§3d
Reproduction
- Bloom period
- Mid Spring
- Seed abundance
- High
- Seed begins
- Summer
- Seed ends
- Fall
- Spread rate
- Slow
- Stratify
- Yes
- Seeds / lb
- 86,050
- Propagation
- seed, bare root, container
§3e
Use & availability
- Commercial availability
- No Known Source
- Nursery stock
- Yes
- Browse palatability
- Medium
- Palatable, human
- No
- Lumber
- Yes
- Fuelwood
- Medium
- Christmas tree
- Yes
§4Counties, by state
Recorded in 60 counties across 6 states/territories.
Georgia view state ↗ 5 N ▾
North Carolina view state ↗ 25 N ▾
- Alexander 37003
- Alleghany 37005
- Ashe 37009
- Avery 37011
- Buncombe 37021
- Burke 37023
- Caldwell 37027
- Cherokee 37039
- Clay 37043
- Graham 37075
- Haywood 37087
- Henderson 37089
- Jackson 37099
- Macon 37113
- Madison 37115
- McDowell 37111
- Mitchell 37121
- Polk 37149
- Rutherford 37161
- Stokes 37169
- Surry 37171
- Swain 37173
- Transylvania 37175
- Watauga 37189
- Yancey 37199
Ohio view state ↗ 1 N ▾
South Carolina view state ↗ 3 N ▾
Tennessee view state ↗ 6 N ▾
Virginia view state ↗ 20 N ▾
§5Sources & provenance
USDA PLANTS
Symbol, taxonomy, distribution, cultivation specs, native status. Public domain.
plants.usda.gov/TSCA2 ↗GBIF Backbone
Canonical taxonomic identity, synonym resolution, cross-refs. CC0.
gbif.org/species/2687245 ↗Record version
Cached and built locally. Source version on this record:
usda-plants-mt-2026-05-26
fetched 2026-05-26T14:42:51Z