Index / Search / Solidago caesia
§1 Plant
Solidago caesia L.
vernacular wreath goldenrod — species · Asteraceae
§2Habit & range
Habit and range
- Growth habit
- Forb/herb
- Duration
- Perennial
- Group
- Dicot
- Family
- Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl
- Genus
- Solidago
§2a
Native status, by region
- CAN Canada Native
- L48 Lower 48 States Native
§2b
County-level range
· 915 counties across 30 states/territories§3Cultivation specs · USDA
Recorded by the USDA Plant Materials Program.
§3a
Tolerances
- Drought
- Low
- Shade
- Medium
- Moisture use
- Medium
- Fire
- High
- Salinity
- None
- Anaerobic
- None
- CaCO₃
- Medium
- Hedging
- None
§3b
Climate & soil
- Cold tolerance
- -28 °F minimum
- Frost-free days
- 130 min.
- Precipitation
- 32–50 in/yr
- pH range
- 5.5–7
- Root depth
- 8 in min.
- Fertility need
- Low
- Soil texture
- medium, fine
§3c
Form & growth
- Growth form
- Rhizomatous
- Growth rate
- Moderate
- Lifespan
- Short
- Mature height
- 3 ft
- Foliage texture
- Medium
- Foliage colour
- Dark Green
- Porosity (summer)
- Porous
- Porosity (winter)
- Porous
- Flower colour
- Yellow
- Fruit colour
- Brown
- Fire resistant
- No
- N fixation
- None
- Toxicity
- None
§3d
Reproduction
- Bloom period
- Late Spring
- Seed abundance
- Medium
- Seed begins
- Summer
- Seed ends
- Fall
- Spread rate
- Slow
- Stratify
- No
- Seeds / lb
- 700,000
- Propagation
- seed, sprigs
§3e
Use & availability
- Commercial availability
- No Known Source
- Nursery stock
- No
- Browse palatability
- Low
- Graze palatability
- Low
- Palatable, human
- No
- Lumber
- No
- Christmas tree
- No
§4Counties, by state
Recorded in 915 counties across 30 states/territories.
Alabama view state ↗ 12 N ▾
Arkansas view state ↗ 31 N ▾
- Ashley 05003
- Baxter 05005
- Benton 05007
- Bradley 05011
- Carroll 05015
- Crittenden 05035
- Cross 05037
- Drew 05043
- Faulkner 05045
- Franklin 05047
- Garland 05051
- Hot Spring 05059
- Independence 05063
- Jefferson 05069
- Johnson 05071
- Lee 05077
- Logan 05083
- Madison 05087
- Montgomery 05097
- Newton 05101
- Ouachita 05103
- Phillips 05107
- Pike 05109
- Polk 05113
- Pope 05115
- Saline 05125
- St. Francis 05123
- Stone 05137
- Union 05139
- Van Buren 05141
- Washington 05143
Delaware view state ↗ 2 N ▾
Florida view state ↗ 10 N ▾
Georgia view state ↗ 15 N ▾
Illinois view state ↗ 42 N ▾
- Adams 17001
- Alexander 17003
- Champaign 17019
- Christian 17021
- Clark 17023
- Coles 17029
- Cook 17031
- Crawford 17033
- Douglas 17041
- DuPage 17043
- Edgar 17045
- Fulton 17057
- Gallatin 17059
- Greene 17061
- Hamilton 17065
- Iroquois 17075
- Jackson 17077
- Jasper 17079
- Jersey 17083
- Johnson 17087
- Kankakee 17091
- Knox 17095
- Lake 17097
- Lawrence 17101
- Mason 17125
- Massac 17127
- Monroe 17133
- Perry 17145
- Pike 17149
- Pope 17151
- Pulaski 17153
- Randolph 17157
- Saline 17165
- Sangamon 17167
- Scott 17171
- Union 17181
- Vermilion 17183
- Wabash 17185
- Warren 17187
- Whiteside 17195
- Will 17197
- Williamson 17199
Indiana view state ↗ 80 N ▾
- Adams 18001
- Allen 18003
- Bartholomew 18005
- Blackford 18009
- Boone 18011
- Brown 18013
- Carroll 18015
- Cass 18017
- Clark 18019
- Clinton 18023
- Crawford 18025
- Daviess 18027
- Decatur 18031
- DeKalb 18033
- Delaware 18035
- Dubois 18037
- Elkhart 18039
- Floyd 18043
- Fountain 18045
- Franklin 18047
- Fulton 18049
- Gibson 18051
- Greene 18055
- Hamilton 18057
- Hancock 18059
- Harrison 18061
- Hendricks 18063
- Henry 18065
- Howard 18067
- Huntington 18069
- Jackson 18071
- Jasper 18073
- Jay 18075
- Jefferson 18077
- Jennings 18079
- Johnson 18081
- Knox 18083
- Kosciusko 18085
- Lagrange 18087
- Lake 18089
- LaPorte 18091
- Lawrence 18093
- Madison 18095
- Marion 18097
- Marshall 18099
- Miami 18103
- Monroe 18105
- Montgomery 18107
- Morgan 18109
- Newton 18111
- Noble 18113
- Orange 18117
- Owen 18119
- Parke 18121
- Porter 18127
- Posey 18129
- Pulaski 18131
- Putnam 18133
- Randolph 18135
- Ripley 18137
- Rush 18139
- Shelby 18145
- Spencer 18147
- St. Joseph 18141
- Starke 18149
- Steuben 18151
- Sullivan 18153
- Switzerland 18155
- Tippecanoe 18157
- Union 18161
- Vanderburgh 18163
- Vermillion 18165
- Vigo 18167
- Wabash 18169
- Warren 18171
- Warrick 18173
- Wayne 18177
- Wells 18179
- White 18181
- Whitley 18183
Kentucky view state ↗ 79 N ▾
- Adair 21001
- Allen 21003
- Anderson 21005
- Barren 21009
- Bath 21011
- Bell 21013
- Boone 21015
- Boyle 21021
- Bullitt 21029
- Caldwell 21033
- Calloway 21035
- Campbell 21037
- Carlisle 21039
- Carter 21043
- Casey 21045
- Clark 21049
- Clay 21051
- Clinton 21053
- Cumberland 21057
- Edmonson 21061
- Elliott 21063
- Estill 21065
- Fayette 21067
- Fleming 21069
- Floyd 21071
- Franklin 21073
- Fulton 21075
- Garrard 21079
- Greenup 21089
- Hancock 21091
- Hardin 21093
- Harlan 21095
- Harrison 21097
- Hart 21099
- Hickman 21105
- Hopkins 21107
- Jackson 21109
- Jefferson 21111
- Jessamine 21113
- Kenton 21117
- Knott 21119
- Larue 21123
- Laurel 21125
- Lee 21129
- Letcher 21133
- Lewis 21135
- Lincoln 21137
- Madison 21151
- Marion 21155
- Martin 21159
- McCreary 21147
- McLean 21149
- Meade 21163
- Menifee 21165
- Metcalfe 21169
- Monroe 21171
- Montgomery 21173
- Muhlenberg 21177
- Nelson 21179
- Ohio 21183
- Oldham 21185
- Owen 21187
- Perry 21193
- Pike 21195
- Powell 21197
- Pulaski 21199
- Robertson 21201
- Rockcastle 21203
- Rowan 21205
- Russell 21207
- Scott 21209
- Taylor 21217
- Todd 21219
- Trimble 21223
- Union 21225
- Warren 21227
- Wayne 21231
- Whitley 21235
- Wolfe 21237
Louisiana view state ↗ 35 N ▾
- Acadia 22001
- Allen 22003
- Avoyelles 22009
- Beauregard 22011
- Bienville 22013
- Caddo 22017
- Calcasieu 22019
- Caldwell 22021
- Catahoula 22025
- Claiborne 22027
- De Soto 22031
- East Baton Rouge 22033
- East Feliciana 22037
- Evangeline 22039
- Franklin 22041
- Grant 22043
- Jackson 22049
- LaSalle 22059
- Lincoln 22061
- Livingston 22063
- Morehouse 22067
- Natchitoches 22069
- Ouachita 22073
- Rapides 22079
- Red River 22081
- Sabine 22085
- St. Helena 22091
- St. Tammany 22103
- Tangipahoa 22105
- Union 22111
- Vernon 22115
- Washington 22117
- Webster 22119
- West Feliciana 22125
- Winn 22127
Maine view state ↗ 11 N ▾
Maryland view state ↗ 15 N ▾
Massachusetts view state ↗ 12 N ▾
Michigan view state ↗ 41 N ▾
- Alcona 26001
- Allegan 26005
- Antrim 26009
- Barry 26015
- Benzie 26019
- Berrien 26021
- Calhoun 26025
- Cass 26027
- Charlevoix 26029
- Cheboygan 26031
- Clinton 26037
- Eaton 26045
- Emmet 26047
- Gratiot 26057
- Hillsdale 26059
- Huron 26063
- Ingham 26065
- Isabella 26073
- Jackson 26075
- Kalamazoo 26077
- Kent 26081
- Lapeer 26087
- Leelanau 26089
- Lenawee 26091
- Livingston 26093
- Macomb 26099
- Manistee 26101
- Mason 26105
- Midland 26111
- Montcalm 26117
- Muskegon 26121
- Newaygo 26123
- Oakland 26125
- Oceana 26127
- Ottawa 26139
- St. Clair 26147
- St. Joseph 26149
- Tuscola 26157
- Van Buren 26159
- Washtenaw 26161
- Wayne 26163
Mississippi view state ↗ 29 N ▾
- Adams 28001
- Amite 28005
- Carroll 28015
- Claiborne 28021
- Clarke 28023
- Copiah 28029
- DeSoto 28033
- Forrest 28035
- George 28039
- Greene 28041
- Hinds 28049
- Lafayette 28071
- Lauderdale 28075
- Lee 28081
- Lowndes 28087
- Marshall 28093
- Monroe 28095
- Perry 28111
- Pike 28113
- Pontotoc 28115
- Scott 28123
- Tippah 28139
- Tishomingo 28141
- Warren 28149
- Washington 28151
- Wayne 28153
- Webster 28155
- Wilkinson 28157
- Yazoo 28163
Missouri view state ↗ 26 N ▾
- Barry 29009
- Benton 29015
- Bollinger 29017
- Cape Girardeau 29031
- Carroll 29033
- Carter 29035
- Christian 29043
- Dent 29065
- Douglas 29067
- Howell 29091
- Jackson 29095
- McDonald 29119
- Monroe 29137
- Oregon 29149
- Ozark 29153
- Perry 29157
- Pike 29163
- Randolph 29175
- Reynolds 29179
- Ripley 29181
- Scott 29201
- Shannon 29203
- Stoddard 29207
- Texas 29215
- Wayne 29223
- Wright 29229
New Hampshire view state ↗ 9 N ▾
New Jersey view state ↗ 17 N ▾
New York view state ↗ 48 N ▾
- Albany 36001
- Allegany 36003
- Bronx 36005
- Cattaraugus 36009
- Cayuga 36011
- Chemung 36015
- Chenango 36017
- Columbia 36021
- Delaware 36025
- Dutchess 36027
- Erie 36029
- Essex 36031
- Fulton 36035
- Genesee 36037
- Greene 36039
- Jefferson 36045
- Kings 36047
- Lewis 36049
- Livingston 36051
- Madison 36053
- Monroe 36055
- Nassau 36059
- New York 36061
- Oneida 36065
- Onondaga 36067
- Ontario 36069
- Orange 36071
- Oswego 36075
- Otsego 36077
- Putnam 36079
- Queens 36081
- Rensselaer 36083
- Richmond 36085
- Rockland 36087
- Saratoga 36091
- Schenectady 36093
- Schoharie 36095
- St. Lawrence 36089
- Steuben 36101
- Suffolk 36103
- Tioga 36107
- Tompkins 36109
- Ulster 36111
- Warren 36113
- Washington 36115
- Wayne 36117
- Westchester 36119
- Wyoming 36121
North Carolina view state ↗ 55 N ▾
- Alamance 37001
- Alexander 37003
- Anson 37007
- Bladen 37017
- Brunswick 37019
- Burke 37023
- Cabarrus 37025
- Caldwell 37027
- Catawba 37035
- Chatham 37037
- Cherokee 37039
- Chowan 37041
- Cleveland 37045
- Craven 37049
- Cumberland 37051
- Davidson 37057
- Davie 37059
- Durham 37063
- Edgecombe 37065
- Forsyth 37067
- Franklin 37069
- Gaston 37071
- Granville 37077
- Guilford 37081
- Halifax 37083
- Harnett 37085
- Hertford 37091
- Iredell 37097
- Jackson 37099
- Johnston 37101
- Jones 37103
- Lee 37105
- Lincoln 37109
- Martin 37117
- Mecklenburg 37119
- Montgomery 37123
- Moore 37125
- Nash 37127
- Northampton 37131
- Onslow 37133
- Orange 37135
- Pitt 37147
- Polk 37149
- Randolph 37151
- Richmond 37153
- Rockingham 37157
- Rowan 37159
- Stanly 37167
- Stokes 37169
- Surry 37171
- Vance 37181
- Wake 37183
- Warren 37185
- Wilkes 37193
- Yadkin 37197
Ohio view state ↗ 70 N ▾
- Adams 39001
- Allen 39003
- Ashland 39005
- Ashtabula 39007
- Athens 39009
- Auglaize 39011
- Belmont 39013
- Butler 39017
- Carroll 39019
- Champaign 39021
- Clark 39023
- Clinton 39027
- Columbiana 39029
- Coshocton 39031
- Crawford 39033
- Cuyahoga 39035
- Darke 39037
- Erie 39043
- Fairfield 39045
- Franklin 39049
- Gallia 39053
- Geauga 39055
- Greene 39057
- Guernsey 39059
- Hamilton 39061
- Hancock 39063
- Harrison 39067
- Henry 39069
- Highland 39071
- Hocking 39073
- Holmes 39075
- Huron 39077
- Jackson 39079
- Jefferson 39081
- Knox 39083
- Lake 39085
- Lawrence 39087
- Licking 39089
- Lorain 39093
- Lucas 39095
- Mahoning 39099
- Medina 39103
- Meigs 39105
- Miami 39109
- Montgomery 39113
- Morgan 39115
- Morrow 39117
- Muskingum 39119
- Noble 39121
- Ottawa 39123
- Paulding 39125
- Perry 39127
- Pike 39131
- Portage 39133
- Richland 39139
- Ross 39141
- Scioto 39145
- Stark 39151
- Summit 39153
- Trumbull 39155
- Tuscarawas 39157
- Union 39159
- Van Wert 39161
- Vinton 39163
- Warren 39165
- Washington 39167
- Wayne 39169
- Williams 39171
- Wood 39173
- Wyandot 39175
Oklahoma view state ↗ 1 N ▾
Pennsylvania view state ↗ 65 N ▾
- Adams 42001
- Allegheny 42003
- Armstrong 42005
- Beaver 42007
- Bedford 42009
- Berks 42011
- Blair 42013
- Bradford 42015
- Bucks 42017
- Butler 42019
- Cambria 42021
- Cameron 42023
- Carbon 42025
- Centre 42027
- Chester 42029
- Clarion 42031
- Clearfield 42033
- Clinton 42035
- Columbia 42037
- Crawford 42039
- Dauphin 42043
- Delaware 42045
- Elk 42047
- Erie 42049
- Fayette 42051
- Forest 42053
- Franklin 42055
- Fulton 42057
- Greene 42059
- Huntingdon 42061
- Indiana 42063
- Jefferson 42065
- Juniata 42067
- Lancaster 42071
- Lawrence 42073
- Lebanon 42075
- Lehigh 42077
- Luzerne 42079
- Lycoming 42081
- McKean 42083
- Mercer 42085
- Mifflin 42087
- Monroe 42089
- Montgomery 42091
- Montour 42093
- Northampton 42095
- Northumberland 42097
- Perry 42099
- Philadelphia 42101
- Pike 42103
- Potter 42105
- Schuylkill 42107
- Snyder 42109
- Somerset 42111
- Sullivan 42113
- Susquehanna 42115
- Tioga 42117
- Union 42119
- Venango 42121
- Warren 42123
- Washington 42125
- Wayne 42127
- Westmoreland 42129
- Wyoming 42131
- York 42133
Rhode Island view state ↗ 2 N ▾
South Carolina view state ↗ 20 N ▾
- Abbeville 45001
- Barnwell 45011
- Berkeley 45015
- Calhoun 45017
- Cherokee 45021
- Chester 45023
- Chesterfield 45025
- Darlington 45031
- Dorchester 45035
- Edgefield 45037
- Kershaw 45055
- Lancaster 45057
- Laurens 45059
- Lexington 45063
- McCormick 45065
- Saluda 45081
- Spartanburg 45083
- Sumter 45085
- Union 45087
- York 45091
Tennessee view state ↗ 48 N ▾
- Bedford 47003
- Bledsoe 47007
- Blount 47009
- Campbell 47013
- Carter 47019
- Cheatham 47021
- Claiborne 47025
- Clay 47027
- Cocke 47029
- Cumberland 47035
- Davidson 47037
- Decatur 47039
- Dickson 47043
- Fentress 47049
- Franklin 47051
- Grundy 47061
- Hamilton 47065
- Hardin 47071
- Houston 47083
- Jackson 47087
- Knox 47093
- Lauderdale 47097
- Lawrence 47099
- Lewis 47101
- Marion 47115
- Marshall 47117
- Maury 47119
- Montgomery 47125
- Morgan 47129
- Obion 47131
- Pickett 47137
- Polk 47139
- Putnam 47141
- Rhea 47143
- Roane 47145
- Robertson 47147
- Scott 47151
- Sequatchie 47153
- Sevier 47155
- Shelby 47157
- Stewart 47161
- Sumner 47165
- Tipton 47167
- Unicoi 47171
- Van Buren 47175
- Wayne 47181
- White 47185
- Williamson 47187
Texas view state ↗ 6 N ▾
Vermont view state ↗ 13 N ▾
Virginia view state ↗ 83 N ▾
- Accomack 51001
- Albemarle 51003
- Alleghany 51005
- Amelia 51007
- Amherst 51009
- Appomattox 51011
- Arlington 51013
- Augusta 51015
- Bath 51017
- Bedford 51019
- Bland 51021
- Botetourt 51023
- Brunswick 51025
- Buchanan 51027
- Buckingham 51029
- Campbell 51031
- Caroline 51033
- Charlotte 51037
- Chesapeake (city) 51550
- Chesterfield 51041
- Clarke 51043
- Craig 51045
- Culpeper 51047
- Cumberland 51049
- Dickenson 51051
- Dinwiddie 51053
- Essex 51057
- Fairfax 51059
- Fauquier 51061
- Fluvanna 51065
- Frederick 51069
- Giles 51071
- Gloucester 51073
- Goochland 51075
- Greene 51079
- Halifax 51083
- Hanover 51085
- Henrico 51087
- Henry 51089
- Highland 51091
- Isle of Wight 51093
- James City 51095
- King and Queen 51097
- King George 51099
- King William 51101
- Lee 51105
- Loudoun 51107
- Louisa 51109
- Lunenburg 51111
- Madison 51113
- Mathews 51115
- Mecklenburg 51117
- Middlesex 51119
- Montgomery 51121
- New Kent 51127
- Newport News (city) 51700
- Northampton 51131
- Northumberland 51133
- Nottoway 51135
- Orange 51137
- Page 51139
- Patrick 51141
- Pittsylvania 51143
- Powhatan 51145
- Prince Edward 51147
- Prince William 51153
- Pulaski 51155
- Rappahannock 51157
- Richmond 51159
- Rockbridge 51163
- Rockingham 51165
- Scott 51169
- Shenandoah 51171
- Southampton 51175
- Spotsylvania 51177
- Stafford 51179
- Surry 51181
- Sussex 51183
- Tazewell 51185
- Virginia Beach (city) 51810
- Warren 51187
- Wise 51195
- York 51199
West Virginia view state ↗ 36 N ▾
- Barbour 54001
- Berkeley 54003
- Boone 54005
- Braxton 54007
- Brooke 54009
- Cabell 54011
- Calhoun 54013
- Clay 54015
- Fayette 54019
- Grant 54023
- Greenbrier 54025
- Hampshire 54027
- Hancock 54029
- Jackson 54035
- Jefferson 54037
- Kanawha 54039
- Lewis 54041
- Logan 54045
- Marion 54049
- Mineral 54057
- Monongalia 54061
- Morgan 54065
- Nicholas 54067
- Ohio 54069
- Preston 54077
- Raleigh 54081
- Randolph 54083
- Ritchie 54085
- Roane 54087
- Summers 54089
- Tucker 54093
- Upshur 54097
- Wayne 54099
- Wetzel 54103
- Wirt 54105
- Wyoming 54109
Wisconsin view state ↗ 2 N ▾
§5Sources & provenance
USDA PLANTS
Symbol, taxonomy, distribution, cultivation specs, native status. Public domain.
plants.usda.gov/SOCA4 ↗GBIF Backbone
Canonical taxonomic identity, synonym resolution, cross-refs. CC0.
gbif.org/species/5389076 ↗Record version
Cached and built locally. Source version on this record:
usda-plants-mt-2026-05-26
fetched 2026-05-26T11:35:19Z