Index / Search / Pinus edulis

§1 Plant

Pinus edulis Engelm.

vernacular twoneedle pinyon — species · Pinaceae


USDA
PIED
GBIF
5285796
Rank
species
twoneedle pinyon (Pinus edulis)
Platephotograph · jwaskowiakCC BY-NC source · iNaturalist ↗

§2Habit & range

Habit and range

Growth habit
Tree
Duration
Perennial
Group
Gymnosperm
Family
Pinaceae Spreng. ex Rudolphi
Genus
Pinus
§2a

Native status, by region

  • L48 Lower 48 States Native
§2b

County-level range

· 61 counties across 5 states/territories
Legend Native · 61 Introduced · 0 Both · 0 Hover a county for detail.

§3Cultivation specs · USDA

Recorded by the USDA Plant Materials Program.

§3a

Tolerances

Drought
High
Shade
High
Moisture use
Low
Fire
Low
Salinity
Medium
Anaerobic
None
CaCO₃
Low
Hedging
None
§3b

Climate & soil

Cold tolerance
-31 °F minimum
Frost-free days
200 min.
Precipitation
9–27 in/yr
pH range
6.5–8.5
Root depth
20 in min.
Fertility need
Medium
Soil texture
coarse, medium, fine
§3c

Form & growth

Growth form
Single Stem
Growth rate
Slow
Lifespan
Long
Mature height
50 ft
Height @ 20 y
25 ft
Foliage texture
Medium
Foliage colour
Green
Porosity (summer)
Moderate
Porosity (winter)
Moderate
Flower colour
Yellow
Fruit colour
Brown
Fire resistant
No
N fixation
None
Toxicity
None
§3d

Reproduction

Bloom period
Early Summer
Seed abundance
High
Seed begins
Summer
Seed ends
Fall
Spread rate
Slow
Stratify
Yes
Seeds / lb
2,333
Propagation
seed, bare root, container
§3e

Use & availability

Commercial availability
Routinely Available
Nursery stock
Yes
Browse palatability
Low
Graze palatability
Low
Palatable, human
Yes
Protein potential
Low
Lumber
No
Fuelwood
High
Christmas tree
Yes

§4Counties, by state

Recorded in 61 counties across 5 states/territories.


§5Sources & provenance

USDA PLANTS

Symbol, taxonomy, distribution, cultivation specs, native status. Public domain.

plants.usda.gov/PIED ↗

GBIF Backbone

Canonical taxonomic identity, synonym resolution, cross-refs. CC0.

gbif.org/species/5285796 ↗

Record version

Cached and built locally. Source version on this record:

usda-plants-mt-2026-05-26

fetched 2026-05-26T11:35:19Z