§1 Plant
Pinus edulis Engelm.
vernacular twoneedle pinyon — species · Pinaceae
§2Habit & range
Habit and range
- Growth habit
- Tree
- Duration
- Perennial
- Group
- Gymnosperm
- Family
- Pinaceae Spreng. ex Rudolphi
- Genus
- Pinus
§2a
Native status, by region
- L48 Lower 48 States Native
§2b
County-level range
· 61 counties across 5 states/territories§3Cultivation specs · USDA
Recorded by the USDA Plant Materials Program.
§3a
Tolerances
- Drought
- High
- Shade
- High
- Moisture use
- Low
- Fire
- Low
- Salinity
- Medium
- Anaerobic
- None
- CaCO₃
- Low
- Hedging
- None
§3b
Climate & soil
- Cold tolerance
- -31 °F minimum
- Frost-free days
- 200 min.
- Precipitation
- 9–27 in/yr
- pH range
- 6.5–8.5
- Root depth
- 20 in min.
- Fertility need
- Medium
- Soil texture
- coarse, medium, fine
§3c
Form & growth
- Growth form
- Single Stem
- Growth rate
- Slow
- Lifespan
- Long
- Mature height
- 50 ft
- Height @ 20 y
- 25 ft
- Foliage texture
- Medium
- Foliage colour
- Green
- Porosity (summer)
- Moderate
- Porosity (winter)
- Moderate
- Flower colour
- Yellow
- Fruit colour
- Brown
- Fire resistant
- No
- N fixation
- None
- Toxicity
- None
§3d
Reproduction
- Bloom period
- Early Summer
- Seed abundance
- High
- Seed begins
- Summer
- Seed ends
- Fall
- Spread rate
- Slow
- Stratify
- Yes
- Seeds / lb
- 2,333
- Propagation
- seed, bare root, container
§3e
Use & availability
- Commercial availability
- Routinely Available
- Nursery stock
- Yes
- Browse palatability
- Low
- Graze palatability
- Low
- Palatable, human
- Yes
- Protein potential
- Low
- Lumber
- No
- Fuelwood
- High
- Christmas tree
- Yes
§4Counties, by state
Recorded in 61 counties across 5 states/territories.
Arizona view state ↗ 6 N ▾
Colorado view state ↗ 27 N ▾
- Archuleta 08007
- Baca 08009
- Boulder 08013
- Chaffee 08015
- Conejos 08021
- Costilla 08023
- Delta 08029
- El Paso 08041
- Fremont 08043
- Grand 08049
- Huerfano 08055
- La Plata 08067
- Larimer 08069
- Las Animas 08071
- Mesa 08077
- Moffat 08081
- Montezuma 08083
- Montrose 08085
- Otero 08089
- Pueblo 08101
- Rio Blanco 08103
- Rio Grande 08105
- Routt 08107
- Saguache 08109
- San Juan 08111
- San Miguel 08113
- Teller 08119
New Mexico view state ↗ 25 N ▾
- Bernalillo 35001
- Catron 35003
- Colfax 35007
- Curry 35009
- Dona Ana 35013
- Grant 35017
- Harding 35021
- Lincoln 35027
- Los Alamos 35028
- McKinley 35031
- Mora 35033
- Otero 35035
- Quay 35037
- Rio Arriba 35039
- Roosevelt 35041
- San Juan 35045
- San Miguel 35047
- Sandoval 35043
- Santa Fe 35049
- Sierra 35051
- Socorro 35053
- Taos 35055
- Torrance 35057
- Union 35059
- Valencia 35061
Oklahoma view state ↗ 1 N ▾
Texas view state ↗ 2 N ▾
§5Sources & provenance
USDA PLANTS
Symbol, taxonomy, distribution, cultivation specs, native status. Public domain.
plants.usda.gov/PIED ↗GBIF Backbone
Canonical taxonomic identity, synonym resolution, cross-refs. CC0.
gbif.org/species/5285796 ↗Record version
Cached and built locally. Source version on this record:
usda-plants-mt-2026-05-26
fetched 2026-05-26T11:35:19Z