Index / Search / Elaeagnus umbellata
§1 Plant
Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb.
vernacular autumn olive — species · Elaeagnaceae
§2Habit & range
Habit and range
- Growth habit
- Shrub
- Duration
- Perennial
- Group
- Dicot
- Family
- Elaeagnaceae Juss.
- Genus
- Elaeagnus
§2a
Native status, by region
- CAN Canada Introduced
- HI Hawaii Introduced
- L48 Lower 48 States Introduced
§2b
County-level range
· 191 counties across 18 states/territories§3Cultivation specs · USDA
Recorded by the USDA Plant Materials Program.
§3a
Tolerances
- Drought
- High
- Shade
- High
- Moisture use
- Medium
- Fire
- Low
- Salinity
- None
- Anaerobic
- None
- CaCO₃
- Medium
- Hedging
- Medium
§3b
Climate & soil
- Cold tolerance
- -23 °F minimum
- Frost-free days
- 150 min.
- Precipitation
- 28–45 in/yr
- pH range
- 5–7.5
- Root depth
- 18 in min.
- Fertility need
- Low
- Soil texture
- coarse, medium, fine
§3c
Form & growth
- Growth form
- Multiple Stem
- Growth rate
- Rapid
- Lifespan
- Short
- Mature height
- 15 ft
- Height @ 20 y
- 15 ft
- Foliage texture
- Coarse
- Foliage colour
- White-Gray
- Porosity (summer)
- Dense
- Porosity (winter)
- Moderate
- Flower colour
- Yellow
- Fruit colour
- Red
- Fire resistant
- No
- N fixation
- Medium
- Toxicity
- None
§3d
Reproduction
- Bloom period
- Early Spring
- Seed abundance
- High
- Seed begins
- Summer
- Seed ends
- Fall
- Spread rate
- Rapid
- Stratify
- Yes
- Seeds / lb
- 27,600
- Propagation
- seed, bare root, container
§3e
Use & availability
- Commercial availability
- No Known Source
- Nursery stock
- Yes
- Browse palatability
- Medium
- Graze palatability
- Low
- Palatable, human
- Yes
- Protein potential
- Low
- Lumber
- No
- Christmas tree
- No
§4Counties, by state
Recorded in 191 counties across 18 states/territories.
Alabama view state ↗ 4 I ▾
Delaware view state ↗ 1 I ▾
District of Columbia view state ↗ 1 I ▾
Florida view state ↗ 2 I ▾
Georgia view state ↗ 7 I ▾
Kentucky view state ↗ 38 I ▾
- Bell 21013
- Boyd 21019
- Boyle 21021
- Butler 21031
- Calloway 21035
- Campbell 21037
- Carter 21043
- Clay 21051
- Clinton 21053
- Cumberland 21057
- Estill 21065
- Fleming 21069
- Floyd 21071
- Hardin 21093
- Harlan 21095
- Harrison 21097
- Jefferson 21111
- Kenton 21117
- Laurel 21125
- Leslie 21131
- Letcher 21133
- Lyon 21143
- Madison 21151
- Martin 21159
- Mason 21161
- McCreary 21147
- Menifee 21165
- Muhlenberg 21177
- Nicholas 21181
- Owsley 21189
- Perry 21193
- Powell 21197
- Robertson 21201
- Rockcastle 21203
- Rowan 21205
- Russell 21207
- Trigg 21221
- Wayne 21231
Louisiana view state ↗ 5 I ▾
Massachusetts view state ↗ 13 I ▾
Mississippi view state ↗ 1 I ▾
New Hampshire view state ↗ 2 I ▾
New Jersey view state ↗ 15 I ▾
New York view state ↗ 16 I ▾
North Carolina view state ↗ 12 I ▾
Pennsylvania view state ↗ 21 I ▾
- Allegheny 42003
- Beaver 42007
- Bedford 42009
- Berks 42011
- Blair 42013
- Bradford 42015
- Bucks 42017
- Centre 42027
- Chester 42029
- Clearfield 42033
- Dauphin 42043
- Delaware 42045
- Erie 42049
- Franklin 42055
- Greene 42059
- Huntingdon 42061
- Lancaster 42071
- Montgomery 42091
- Philadelphia 42101
- Warren 42123
- Westmoreland 42129
Rhode Island view state ↗ 3 I ▾
Vermont view state ↗ 2 I ▾
Virginia view state ↗ 46 I ▾
- Albemarle 51003
- Amherst 51009
- Arlington 51013
- Augusta 51015
- Bedford 51019
- Campbell 51031
- Caroline 51033
- Chesapeake (city) 51550
- Chesterfield 51041
- Clarke 51043
- Culpeper 51047
- Dinwiddie 51053
- Essex 51057
- Fairfax 51059
- Fauquier 51061
- Frederick 51069
- Gloucester 51073
- Goochland 51075
- Grayson 51077
- Hanover 51085
- Henrico 51087
- James City 51095
- King and Queen 51097
- Lancaster 51103
- Loudoun 51107
- Mecklenburg 51117
- Middlesex 51119
- Nelson 51125
- Newport News (city) 51700
- Northampton 51131
- Page 51139
- Powhatan 51145
- Prince Edward 51147
- Prince William 51153
- Pulaski 51155
- Rappahannock 51157
- Rockbridge 51163
- Rockingham 51165
- Scott 51169
- Shenandoah 51171
- Spotsylvania 51177
- Stafford 51179
- Surry 51181
- Warren 51187
- Washington 51191
- Westmoreland 51193
West Virginia view state ↗ 2 I ▾
§5Sources & provenance
USDA PLANTS
Symbol, taxonomy, distribution, cultivation specs, native status. Public domain.
plants.usda.gov/ELUM ↗GBIF Backbone
Canonical taxonomic identity, synonym resolution, cross-refs. CC0.
gbif.org/species/3039267 ↗Record version
Cached and built locally. Source version on this record:
usda-plants-mt-2026-05-26
fetched 2026-05-26T05:45:41Z