Index / Search / Betula populifolia
§1 Plant
Betula populifolia Marshall
vernacular gray birch — species · Betulaceae
§2Habit & range
Habit and range
- Growth habit
- Tree
- Duration
- Perennial
- Group
- Dicot
- Family
- Betulaceae Gray
- Genus
- Betula
§2a
Native status, by region
- CAN Canada Native
- L48 Lower 48 States Native
§2b
County-level range
· 142 counties across 13 states/territories§3Cultivation specs · USDA
Recorded by the USDA Plant Materials Program.
§3a
Tolerances
- Drought
- Medium
- Shade
- Medium
- Moisture use
- Low
- Fire
- Medium
- Salinity
- Medium
- Anaerobic
- None
- CaCO₃
- Medium
- Hedging
- Low
§3b
Climate & soil
- Cold tolerance
- -35 °F minimum
- Frost-free days
- 90 min.
- Precipitation
- 36–65 in/yr
- pH range
- 3.5–6.5
- Root depth
- 18 in min.
- Fertility need
- Low
- Soil texture
- coarse, medium, fine
§3c
Form & growth
- Growth form
- Thicket Forming
- Growth rate
- Rapid
- Lifespan
- Short
- Mature height
- 25 ft
- Height @ 20 y
- 25 ft
- Foliage texture
- Fine
- Foliage colour
- Green
- Porosity (summer)
- Moderate
- Porosity (winter)
- Porous
- Flower colour
- Brown
- Fruit colour
- Brown
- Fire resistant
- No
- N fixation
- None
- Toxicity
- None
§3d
Reproduction
- Bloom period
- Mid Spring
- Seed abundance
- High
- Seed begins
- Summer
- Seed ends
- Fall
- Spread rate
- Rapid
- Stratify
- Yes
- Seeds / lb
- 4,256,000
- Propagation
- seed, cuttings, bare root, container
§3e
Use & availability
- Commercial availability
- Routinely Available
- Nursery stock
- Yes
- Browse palatability
- Medium
- Graze palatability
- Low
- Palatable, human
- No
- Protein potential
- Low
- Lumber
- No
- Fuelwood
- Medium
- Christmas tree
- No
§4Counties, by state
Recorded in 142 counties across 13 states/territories.
Delaware view state ↗ 1 N ▾
Kentucky view state ↗ 1 N ▾
Maine view state ↗ 16 N ▾
Maryland view state ↗ 2 N ▾
Massachusetts view state ↗ 14 N ▾
New Hampshire view state ↗ 10 N ▾
New Jersey view state ↗ 18 N ▾
New York view state ↗ 29 N ▾
- Albany 36001
- Bronx 36005
- Broome 36007
- Clinton 36019
- Dutchess 36027
- Erie 36029
- Franklin 36033
- Jefferson 36045
- Kings 36047
- Lewis 36049
- Madison 36053
- Nassau 36059
- New York 36061
- Oneida 36065
- Orange 36071
- Putnam 36079
- Queens 36081
- Rensselaer 36083
- Richmond 36085
- Rockland 36087
- Saratoga 36091
- Suffolk 36103
- Sullivan 36105
- Tompkins 36109
- Ulster 36111
- Warren 36113
- Washington 36115
- Wayne 36117
- Westchester 36119
Pennsylvania view state ↗ 32 N ▾
- Bedford 42009
- Berks 42011
- Blair 42013
- Bradford 42015
- Bucks 42017
- Cambria 42021
- Carbon 42025
- Centre 42027
- Chester 42029
- Columbia 42037
- Crawford 42039
- Dauphin 42043
- Delaware 42045
- Huntingdon 42061
- Lackawanna 42069
- Lehigh 42077
- Luzerne 42079
- McKean 42083
- Mercer 42085
- Monroe 42089
- Montgomery 42091
- Montour 42093
- Northampton 42095
- Northumberland 42097
- Philadelphia 42101
- Pike 42103
- Schuylkill 42107
- Sullivan 42113
- Susquehanna 42115
- Union 42119
- Warren 42123
- Wayne 42127
Rhode Island view state ↗ 5 N ▾
Vermont view state ↗ 11 N ▾
Virginia view state ↗ 2 N ▾
West Virginia view state ↗ 1 N ▾
§5Sources & provenance
USDA PLANTS
Symbol, taxonomy, distribution, cultivation specs, native status. Public domain.
plants.usda.gov/BEPO ↗GBIF Backbone
Canonical taxonomic identity, synonym resolution, cross-refs. CC0.
gbif.org/species/8184083 ↗Record version
Cached and built locally. Source version on this record:
usda-plants-mt-2026-05-26
fetched 2026-05-26T05:06:36Z